The complexity of indigenous cultures is underappreciated by most modern observers, yet native people have sophisticated knowledge and ways of thinking that could help heal the planet. Traditional societies seldom distinguish between the health of the environment and the health of those who inhabit it, and recognize that damage to one is damage to the other. There is much to learn from their deep understanding of biological diversity’s importance, their respect for the natural resources that sustain them, and their ability to read the land, from animal migration patterns to changes in sea ice conditions. How can we use native wisdom to promote the Earth’s well-being?